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Types of Pixel Failures:
Type 1:
A constantly lit pixel (a bright, white spot), even though it is not addressed. A white pixel is
caused when all three sub-pixel are lit.
Type 2:
A pixel that does not light up (dark, black spot), although it is addressed.
Type 3:
Abnormal or defective red, green or blue sub-pixels. (E.g. constantly lit with half the bright-
ness, one color is not shining, blinking or flickering, but not belonging to Type 1 or 2 Pixel
Failures).
In addition: A cluster of type 3 (= 2 or more defective sub-pixels in an array of 5 x 5 pixel). A
cluster is an array of 5 x 5 pixel (15 x 5 sub-pixel).
Classes of pixel failures:
Failure class Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Cluster Type 3
I 0 0 0 - 0
II 2 2 5 - 2
III 5 15 50 5
IV 50 150 500 50
The acceptable number of defects of the above mentioned types in each failure class refers to one
million pixels and has to be calculated according the physical resolution of the display.
This leads to a maximum allowed number in class II type failure:
For a resolution of Mill. Pixel Sub Pixel Type (s. above)
1024 x 768 (15") 0.786432 2.359296 2 2 4 - 2
1280 x 1024 (17,18, 19") 1.310720 3.932160 3 3 7 - 3
1600 x 1200 (19“) 1.920000 5.760000 4 4 10 - 4
Class I type failure only applies to special applications, e.g. medical applications, and results in cor-
responding price increases. Class II type failure is the established standard for quality conscious
manufacturers with high quality displays.
Example 1 :
A 15” - XGA-display consists of 1024 horizontal and 768 vertical picture dots (pixel), which amounts
to a total of 786,432 pixel. Related to one million pixels this translates into a factor of about 0.8.
Class II type failure consequently allows for two defects each of type 1 and type 2 and 4 defects of
type 3 and 2
clusters of type 3.
Example 2:
A 17” - SXGA-display consists of 1280 horizontal and 1024 vertical picture dots (pixel), which
amounts to a total of 1,31 million pixels. Based on one million pixels this translates into a factor of
about 1.31.
Class II type failure consequently allows for three defects each of type 1 and type 2 and 7 defects of
type 3 and 3 cluster of type 3.
These cases are normally not covered by warranty.
If the number of failures exceeds the figures of any category mentioned above then this may be
covered by the
warranty.
20


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