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English
APPENDIX
Bitstream
In this manual, “bitstream” refers to the digital form of
multiple channel audio data (e.g., 5.1 channel audio)
before it is decoded into its various channels.
Decoder
A device or program that translates (decodes) encoded
data on DVDs into an appropriate format.
Frames
Moving pictures are composed of a sequence of still
images called frames. About 30 frames are shown each
second (30fps). Each frame is composed of two interlaced
fields. A television displays these fields in rapid succes-
sion to create frames.
Frame stills and field stills
A
frame still
is an image composed of two alternating
fields. Edges may be slightly blurry, but the overall image
quality is high.
A
field still
is an image composed from only one of the
two fields. The picture is not blurry, but contains only half
of the visual information of a frame still.
Group
A DVD audio disc is divided into large sections called
“groups” and smaller sections called “tracks.” The num-
bers allocated to these sections are called “group num-
bers” and “track numbers.
Interlaced and progressive output
NTSC, the video signal standard, uses 525 interlaced (i)
scan lines. Progressive scanning uses twice that number of
scan lines and is called 525p. The 525i video signals out-
put from the unit’s COMPONENT VIDEO OUT jacks (Y,
P
B
, P
R
) allow you to enjoy higher quality pictures than if
the signals were output from the video output jack or S
VIDEO OUT jack. The COMPONENT VIDEO OUT
jacks are also able to handle 525p (progressive) video sig-
nals, which are of even greater resolution.
PCM
Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) converts analog waves into
digital signals. It is commonly used in the creation of
music CDs. DVDs allow greater volume, and hence use
linear PCM, which has a higher sampling rate. Com-
pressed PCM signals are called packed PCM (PPCM).
Pan&Scan/Letterbox
In general, DVD-Video discs are produced with the inten-
tion of being viewed on a widescreen television with an
aspect ratio of 16:9. This means you can view most mate-
rial at the intended aspect ratio on a widescreen television.
Material with this ratio will not fit onto a standard televi-
sion with an aspect ratio of 4:3. Two picture styles,
“Pan&Scan” and “Letterbox,” resolve this issue.
Pan&Scan: The sides of the image are trimmed so the
picture can fill the screen.
Letterbox: Black bands appear across the top and bot-
tom of the image. The picture appears at an
aspect ratio of 16:9.
Playback control (PBC)
The term “playback control” on a Video CD or its packag-
ing indicates that certain scenes or information may
viewed interactively or navigated by menu. This unit can
play Video CDs that feature playback control.
Sampling frequency and quantized bits
When digitizing an analog audio signal, the number of
times the signal is sampled per second constitutes the sam-
pling frequency. The degree of fineness with which a
sound level is converted into a numeric value is deter-
mined by the number of quantized bits.
Title/Chapter
DVD-Video discs are divided into large sections (titles),
and smaller sections (chapters). The numbers allocated to
these sections are referred to as title numbers and chapter
numbers.
Track
A track is the smallest division on DVD-Audio, CD, and
Video CD discs. It usually equates to a single song.
GLOSSARY
DVD-A
DVD-V
VCD CDSACD DVD-A
DVD-S2300_G.book Page 35 Friday, October 18, 2002 2:42 PM
37


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