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182 Pinnacle Studio
Compressor
A compressor smooths the dynamics instant by instant in an audio signal, scaling back the
loud sections while typically boosting the overall sound. This gives the impression of a
stronger signal, even though the level peaks are not higher after compression than before.
Light compression is very commonly applied in audio mastering of music tracks.
Compression can also be used creatively in numerous ways depending on the material.
Select preset: Choose from a number of premade parameter sets for the compression filter.
Ratio: This control sets the compression ratio, which is the amount of compression applied
to sections of the input signal that exceed the Threshold setting. For example, a 2:1
compression ratio means that a 2 dB increase of source level above the threshold produces
only a 1 db increase in the output level. The allowed range is from 1:1 (no compression) up to
100:1 (hard limiting).
Threshold: All levels above this setting are attenuated by the value set in Ratio. You can apply
an overall boost with the Gain controller to compensate for the level lost.
Attack and Release: Attack governs how quickly the compressor responds to an audio signal
that has crossed the threshold. Larger values delay the onset of compression, allowing (for
example) the brief attack of a piano note to remain distinct, while applying compression as
usual for sustained sounds. Release controls the speed with which compression is switched
off when the signal falls back below the threshold.
Gain: It is best to make adjustments to the gain after it has already been compressed.
Knee: A higher knee value causes compression to take hold gradually as the threshold sound
level is approached and departed from, rather than switching on all at once. This changes
the tonal qualities of the compressed sound.
Expander
The Expander decreases the gain of signals that fall below a chosen threshold. Expanders
provide a gentler way of reducing noisy low- level signals than the abrupt cut-off of a gate.
Select preset: Choose from a number of premade parameter sets.
Ratio, Threshold, Attack, Release: These parameters have the same meanings as in the
Compressor (see above).
Range: This controls the maximum gain reduction (attenuation).
Hold: This determines how long the expander remains active after the initial attack.
Increasing this value is useful when, between louder signals, there are small pauses or much
quieter passages that should not be amplified. In this use, the expander works like a noise
gate.
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