Manual Microlife WS 100 (page 3 of 65) (English, Dutch, French, Polish, Portuguese, Swedish, Turkish, Spanish, Finnish)

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3WS 100 EN

1. Important Facts about Body Composition

It is important to know the body composition of an individual in

order to be able to estimate his/her health condition. It is not

enough to know one's weight but it is necessary to define its

quality, which means dividing the human body in its two major

component masses:

Under the same conditions of weight, these two masses have

different volumes.

By means of electrodes placed on the platform, the scale sends a

weak low intensity electric current that passes through the body

mass. The electric current reacts in a different way according to

the masses it passes through: the lean body mass opposes a weak

resistance, while the fat body mass has a greater resistance. This

body resistance, called bioelectrical impedance, varies also in

function of sex, age and height.

For a correct control of one's ideal weight, it is important, besides

the weight, to compare the body fat percentage calculated by the

scale, with the parameters contained in the table and the body

water percentage, with the information listed hereinafter.

If the percentages are outside the normal values, we

suggest you consult your physician.

In order to better understand the value of your body fat

percentage, we suggest you write down this value for a given

period of time. In order to obtain a valid comparison, you should

weigh yourself always at the same time of the day and under the

same conditions.

Body fat mass percentage

The percentage of fat listed in the following table represents the

total fat, calculated by summing up the essential fat (or primary

fat) and the spare fat (or storage fat). The essential fat is neces-

sary since it is needed for the metabolism.

The percentage of this fat is different between the two sexes:

about 4 % for men and about 12 % for women (percentage calcu-

lated on the total body weight).

The spare fat, which is theoretically superfluous, is necessary for

those who carry out physical activities. Even in this case, the fat

percentage is different between the two sexes: 12 % for men,

15 % for women (percentage calculated on the total body weight).

Therefore, the normal percentage of fat mass on the body weight

is approximately 16 % for men and 27 % for women.

Such percentages differ with the person's age as shown in the

table here below.

Water percentage

Body water % is an important indication of the overall «well

being» of a human being as water is the single most important

component of body weight and represents more than half (about

60 %) of the total weight.

Research shows that 57 % body water is optimum, but this

depends on the individual and normally there is no problem if the

reading is 10 % higher or lower.

The body water % is greater in childhood (at birth it varies from

70-77 %) and it decreases with age (old people might have a body

water of 45-55 %). Women (usually having more adipose tissue

than men), have a water ratio of about 55-58 % while men have

about 60-62 % of it.

With the increase of fat deposits, obese people also have a lower

body water % than lean people. In general, body water % is an

overall composite number. Below 40 % would normally be seen as

too low, and above 70 % as too high. Human beings excrete a

given quantity of water every day. This, however, must be regu-

larly replaced, a water loss of about 10 % of the body weight, may

put our health condition at risk.

So giving the body water % as a reading on the body fat scale

gives an indication to the user if there are possible problems, in

which case they would probably wish to consult their doctor.

Body weight variations that take place in a few hours are comple-

tely normal and are due to water retention, since the extra-cellular

water (which includes interstitial fluid, plasma, lymph and transcel-

lular fluid) is the only compartment subject to such rapid variations.

2. Suggestions for Use

•

Lean body mass: bones, muscles, viscera, water, organs, blood

•

Fat body mass: adipose cells

Women Excellent Good Normal

Over-

weight Obese

Age Data in %

≤ 19 17.0 17.1-22.0 22.1-27.0 27.1-32.0 > 32.1

20-29 18.0 18.1-23.0 23.1-28.0 28.1-33.0 > 33.1

30-39 19.0 19.1-24.0 24.1-29.0 29.1-34.0 > 34.1

40-49 20.0 20.1-25.0 25.1-30.0 30.1-35.0 > 35.1

≥ 50 21.0 21.1-26.0 26.1-31.0 31.1-36.0 > 36.1

Men Excellent Good Normal

Over-

weight Obese

Age Data in %

≤ 19 12.0 12.1-17.0 17.1-22.0 22.1-27.0 > 27.1

20-29 13.0 13.1-18.0 18.1-23.0 23.1-28.0 > 28.1

30-39 14.0 14.1-19.0 19.1-24.0 24.1-29.0 > 29.1

40-49 15.0 15.1-20.0 20.1-25.0 25.1-30.0 > 30.1

≥ 50 16.0 16.1-21.0 21.1-26.0 26.1-31.0 > 31.1

•

Place the scale on a flat, hard surface. Soft, inaccurate flooring

(e.g. rugs, carpets, linoleum) can cause the scale to give uneven

reading of your weight.

•

Step onto the scale with your feet parallel and weight equally

distributed.

•

Stand still while the scale measures your weight.

•

It is important to weigh yourself with dry, bare feet, correctly

positioned on the electrodes. Moreover, for the scale to work

properly, avoid your legs touching.

•

The scale is safe to use as a simple scale by everyone being

following people should not perform a body fat or body water

measurement:

− pregnant women

− people on cardiovascular medication

− those fitted with a pace-maker or other forms of electronic,

medical equipment

− those with a temperature

− children under the age of 10

− those in dialysis, with oedemas on their legs, people with

dimorphism or suffering from osteoporosis

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Microlife WS 100 Manual

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