Manual Graupner MC 22S (page 4 of 180) (English)

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Installing control linkages

The basic rule is that all linkages should be installed

in such a way that the pushrods move accurately,

smoothly and freely. It is particularly important that all

servo output arms can move to their full extent wit-

hout fouling or rubbing on anything, or being obstruc-

ted mechanically at any point in their travel.

It is important that you can stop your motor at any

time. With a glow motor this is achieved by adjus-

ting the throttle so that the barrel closes completely

when you move the throttle stick and trim to their end-

points.

Ensure that no metal parts are able to rub against

each other, e.g. when controls are operated, when

parts rotate, or when motor vibration affects the mo-

del. Metal-to-metal contact causes electrical “noise”

which can interfere with the correct working of the re-

ceiver.

Always extend the transmitter aerial fully before

operating your model

Transmitter ﬁ eld strength is at a minimum in an ima-

ginary line extending straight out from the transmit-

ter aerial. It is therefore fundamentally misguided to

“point” the transmitter aerial at the model with the

idea of obtaining good reception.

When several radio control systems are in use on ad-

jacent channels, the pilots should always stand to-

gether in a loose group. Pilots who insist on standing

away from the group endanger their own models as

well as those of the other pilots.

Pre-ﬂ ight checking

If there are several modellers at the site, check ca-

refully with all of them that you are the only one on

“your” channel before you switch on your own trans-

mitter. If two modellers switch on transmitters on the

same channel, the result is interference to one or

both models, and the usual result is at least one wre-

cked model.

Before you switch on the receiver, ensure that the

throttle stick is at the stop / idle end-point.

Always switch on the transmitter ﬁ rst, and only

then the receiver.

Always switch off the receiver ﬁ rst, and only then

the transmitter.

If you do not keep to this sequence, i.e. if the receiver

is at any time switched on when its transmitter switch

is set to “OFF”, then the receiver is wide open to sig-

nals from other transmitters and any interference, and

may respond. The model could then carry out uncon-

trolled movements, which could easily result in perso-

nal injury or damage to property. The servos may run

to their end-stops and damage the gearbox, linkage,

control surface etc..

Please take particular care if your model is ﬁ tted with

a mechanical gyro:

Before you switch your receiver off, disconnect the

power supply to ensure that the motor cannot run up

to high speed accidentally.

The gyro can generate such a high voltage as it

runs down that the receiver picks up apparently

valid throttle commands, and the motor could re-

spond by accelerating unexpectedly.

Range checking

Before every session check that the system works

properly in every respect, and has adequate range.

This means checking that all the control surfaces re-

spond correctly and in the appropriate direction to the

transmitter commands, at a suitable ground range.

Repeat this check with the motor running, while a fri-

end holds the model securely for you.

Operating your model aircraft, helicopter, boat or

car

Never ﬂ y directly over spectators or other pilots, and

take care at all times not to endanger people or ani-

mals. Keep well clear of high-tension overhead ca-

bles. Never run your model boat close to docks and

full-size boats. Model cars should never be run on pu-

blic streets or motorways, footpaths, public squares

etc..

Checking the transmitter and receiver batteries

It is essential to stop using the radio control system

and recharge the batteries well before they are com-

pletely discharged. In the case of the transmitter this

means – at the very latest – when the message “Bat-

tery must be charged” appears on the screen, and

you hear an audible warning signal.

It is vital to check the state of the receiver battery at

regular intervals. When the battery is almost ﬂ at you

may notice the servos running more slowly, but it is

by no means safe to keep ﬂ ying or running your mo-

del until this happens. Always replace worn-out batte-

ries in good time.

Keep to the battery manufacturer’s instructions, and

don’t charge the batteries for longer than stated. Do

not leave batteries on charge unsupervised.

Never attempt to recharge dry cells, as they may ex-

plode.

Rechargeable batteries should always be recharged

before every session. When charging batteries it is

important to avoid short-circuits. Do this by ﬁ rst con-

necting the charge lead banana plugs to the charger,

taking care to maintain correct polarity. Only then con-

nect the charge lead to the transmitter or receiver bat-

tery.

Disconnect all batteries and remove them from your

model if you know you will not be using it in the near

future.

Capacity and operating times

This rule applies to all forms of electrical power sour-

ce: effective capacity diminishes with every charge

cycle. At low temperatures capacity is also greatly re-

duced, i.e. operating times are shorter in cold condi-

tions.

Please note that frequent charging can also result in

a gradual loss of capacity, as can the use of batte-

ry maintenance (cycling) programs. It is important to

monitor your batteries regularly – at least every six

Safety notes

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Graupner MC 22S Manual

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