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ENGLISH
Common Knowledge
1 Meaning of SpO2
SpO2 is the saturation percentage of oxygen in the blood, so called O2
concentration in the blood; it is dened by the percentage of oxyhemoglobin
(HbO2) in the total hemoglobin of the arterial blood. SpO2 is an important
physiological parameter to reect the respiration function; it is calculated by
the following method: SpO2 = HbO2/ (HbO2 +Hb)×100%
HbO2 are the oxyhemoglobins (oxygenized hemoglobin), Hb are those
hemoglobins which release oxygen.
2 Principle of Measurement
Based on Lamber-Beer law, the light absorbance of a given substance is
directly proportional with its density or concentration. When the light with
certain wavelength emits on human tissue, the measured intensity of light after
absorption, reecting and attenuation in tissue can reect the structure character
of the tissue by which the light passes. Due to that oxygenated hemoglobin
(HbO2) and deoxygenated hemoglobin (Hb) have di󰀨erent absorption character
in the spectrum range from red to infrared light (600nm~1000nm wavelength),
by using these characteristics, SpO2 can be determined. SpO2 measured by this
oximeter is the functional oxygen saturation -- a percentage of the hemoglobin
that can transport oxygen. In contrast, hemoximeters report fractional oxygen
saturation – a percentage of all measured hemoglobin, including dysfunctional
hemoglobin, such as carboxyhemoglobin or metahemoglobin.
Clinical application of pulse oximeters: SpO2 is an important physiological
parameter to reect the respiration and ventilation function, so SpO2 monitoring
used in clinical becomes more popularly, such as monitoring the patient with
serious respiratory disease, the patient under anesthesia during operation,
premature and neonate. The status of SpO2 can be determined in time by
measurement and nd the hypoxemia patient earlier, thereby preventing or
reducing accidental death caused by hypoxia e󰀨ectively.
3 Normal SpO2 Range and Default Low Limit
In campagna area, healthy people’s SpO2 value is greater than 94%, so the
values below 94% are determined as hypoxia. SpO2<90% is considered as
the default threshold for determining anoxia by most researchers, so SpO2
low limit of the oximeter is set as 90% generally.
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